سایبر پادکست 13: چرا غلط حرف می‌زنم

تکمیل این اپیزود

اگر مهمان یا اسپانسری جا افتاده، از فهرست موجود انتخاب کن یا نام تازه‌ای پیشنهاد بده. پیشنهادها بعد از بررسی مدیر عمومی می‌شوند.

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متن پادکست: T: So, what kind of a student were you at school, Aida? S: I was very study. (Am I correct, teacher?) T: I studied very much. S: Oh, sorry…I studied very much and I am a very teacher pet student. Is it correct my sentence? T: Don’t worry about mistakes for now. Just tell me about school time. S: Oh, ok. But I very naughty too. Naughty is correct? T: Yes, it is. S: I very talk in class …is it correct?...[fading] شاید بزرگترین دغدغه زبان آموزان اینه که حرفی که می زنند از نظر گرامری درسته یا نه. یه سری از زبان آموزان تمرکزشون فقط روی گرامر و ساختار جملات هست و یه سریهای دیگه هم فقط سعی دارن پیام ذهنیشون رو به مخاطب برسونن. شما جزو کدوم دسته این؟ آیا تا حالا از خودتون پرسیدین کدوم مهمتره؟ آیا روون صحبت کردن مهمتره یا درست صحبت کردن؟ شاید خیلیاتون بگین خب، درست صحبت کردن! واقعیت اینه که جواب این سوال به عوامل زیادی بستگی داره که قراره توی این پادکست درباره شون صحبت کنیم. پس با من همراه بشین. Fluency or accuracy? Fluency…accuracy (3 times different intonations). I suppose before we answer this question, we need to be clear about the definition of each. I’m Edith, your host and today I’m asking some of our teachers who’re well known for their experience and expertise in teaching English. E: Hi Alireza. A: Hi. E: So, how do you define fluency and accuracy? What do they mean? A: Simply put, fluency is connected speech; speaking with appropriate pace without many pauses, and accuracy is grammatical and lexical correctness. E: Very precise and to the point. Thank you! E: So, we understand that fluency is speaking without pausing to find words or structures or to correct ourselves. In other words, connected speech which conveys the message the speaker has in mind. در پادکست قبلی سعی کردیم راه های تقویت این مهارت رو با هم مرور کنیم. امروز میخوایم روون صحبت کردن رو در مقایسه با درست صحبت کردن بررسی کنیم و ببینیم کدوم مهمتره و چطور می تونیم تقویتش کنیم. E: So far, we learned about the definition of each. So, Shabnam, let me ask you. What are the different aspects of accuracy? Sh: Well, when asked this question, most people will only think of grammar. But the truth is, accuracy is way beyond grammar. It also involves vocabulary, pronunciation and function. E: Right! It’s like, you took the words out of my mouth! [both chuckle] but can you elaborate a bit more on that? Sh: Sure. Apart from structural correctness, accuracy also involves using the right kind of words in the right situation, paying attention to how formal or informal it has to be or the right collocation and so on. A: Exactly. Sometimes, we may use a very informal word in a formal situation, or vice versa, which is not really appropriate. E: I know, right? Can you make an example about that Alireza? A: The simplest example I can make is about greeting. For instance, “what’s up” and “how do you do?” are both correct ways of greeting but solely depend on the situation in which we use them. Like, we can’t use “what’s up” to greet our boss or we don’t normally say “how do you do” to holler at our besties. Sh: Right. It’s like going to a formal wedding party in your pajamas. E: [laughingly] yeah…or going to bed in your Sunday best! [everyone laughs] E: Alright. So, what can you guys say about pronunciation? Sh: Well, may I? E: Sure. Go ahead. Sh: I often feel sorry for pronunciation because it’s usually overlooked while it’s so important that it can cause serious misunderstanding. E: Right. A: True. E: A very common example is the pronunciation of desert and dessert. You may hear people say “I ate a very sweet desert.” Grammatically it may look fine but it’s the mispronunciation that can alarm the listener. خب تا اینجا متوجه شدیم که accuracy جنبه های مختلفی مثل گرامر، لغت و تلفظ داره. حتی می تونه در مورد listening و reading هم باشه که مربوط به درک مطلب میشه. حالا اگه speaking رو درنظر بگیریم، به نظر شما کدوم مهمتره؟ اینکه روون و حالا با یکی دوتا اشتبا ه صحبت کنیم یا اینکه با مکث زیاد و درست صحبت کنیم ؟ شما خودتون به کدوم یکی از این موارد بیشتر توجه می کنید؟ E: Now, the question is, which one’s more important? Accuracy or fluency? A: Well, it all depends on your own objective. E: Uh huh… and what do you exactly mean by objective? A: I mean, why do you attend an English course? Do you want to be able to communicate when you travel abroad or are you preparing for a test like the IELTS, for example? Sh: It also depends on the situation you are in. Like, if you’re lost and you want to find your way around a place, you only want to communicate a question about which way to go but if you’re taking a test, of course accuracy will be as important, if not even more important. E: Right. It’s like you are an archer in a battle field. Sometimes you need to hit a particular target, so you take your time to focus. And some other times, you only need to shoot arrows as fast as you can, with less focus! So, to conclude what you both said so far, we need to balance between both accuracy and fluency and our objective can help us in that regard. پس یادمون باشه که هدفمون از خواندن یا رفتن سر کلاس زبان انگلیسی چیه. آیا فقط میخوایم با دیگران ارتباط برقرار کنیم و تعامل داشته باشیم یا اینکه میخوایم مثلا امتحان آیلتس بدیم؟ در هر کدوم از این موارد یکی از جنبه های accuracy یا fluency از اهمیت بیشتری برخورداره. بنایراین با در نظر گرفتن هدفمون می تونیم بفهمیم روی کدوم مورد بیشتر باید تمرین و تمرکز کنیم. اما، اگه زبان انگلیسی رو بطور کلی مثل یک پرنده در نظر بگیریم، accuracy و fluency هر کدوم مثل یکی از بالهای این پرنده ان و برای پرواز هردو مهمند. A: Exactly Sh: That’s right. E: Now, there’s this question that comes to mind. Can we ever be a 100% accurate or a 100% fluent, do you think? Sh: I don’t think… A: Uhm...I’m skeptical about that. Sh: …right, take for instance native speakers. Do they not make any mistakes? Or do they not sometimes lose concentration and get tongue tied or mispronounce something? A: Of course, they do. E: Of course, now don’t we make any mistakes speaking our own mother tongue? Sure, we do! Sh: We need to realize that the ultimate aim is communication most of the times and mistakes are also possible or let’s say inevitable. تا حالا شده در زبان مادری خودتون هم اشتباه کنید و مثلا کلمه ای رو اشتباه بکار ببرید یا تلفظ کنید؟ یا اینکه ساختار جمله ای رو اشتباه بگید؟ مسلما برای هممون پیش ا ومده. بنابراین نباید انتظار داشته باشیم که در یک زبان خارجی دیگه 100 درصد روان و بدون خطا صحبت کنیم. اما از طرف دیگه سعی خودمون رو می کنیم تا منظورمون رو به درستی و به شکل روان به طرف مقابل برسونیم، چون هیچکس علاقه ای به سوتفاهم نداره یا دوست نداره که درک نشه. E: Now, we know that accuracy and fluency are both important and since we talked about fluency in our previous episode, I’d like us to discuss how we can improve our accuracy this time? You both are very experienced and knowledgeable. So, let’s see what advice you can give our listeners. A: Well, if I may… E: Sure. A: Read: Reading is probably the best way you can improve your accuracy as when you read well-written sources, you become exposed to proper correct English. If you read extensively and frequently, you start to pick up general patterns in English which you can later use. بسیار با علیرضا موافقم چون خودم شخصا تجربه ش کردم. زمانی که خودم زبان آموز بودم خیلی مطلب، مقاله و کتاب میخوندم و همین باعث شده بود ساختارهایی که هنوز نخونده بودم ر و درست استفاده کنم. پس هر چه بیشتر بخونید بیشتر کمکتون میکنه. E: Hmm…I couldn’t agree more. That’s what helped me big time. A: Right? And one more thing, have a grammar reference book: Speak to an English teacher and choose a grammar reference book. By having a reference at hand, any time you come across a question, you can look it up and find the correct answer. These days many people choose to just search for their problems online. Although this may be somewhat easier, you cannot always be sure that you are learning the points correctly and accurately. E: Exactly. As handy as the internet may be, you cannot always trust its accuracy. So, you gotto be careful. What about you Shabnam. What do you advise our listeners to do for better accuracy? Sh: When you sit down to practice your English have a good dictionary at hand. When you read a text or listen to a recording and stumble upon a new word, look it up in the dictionary check its part of speech, pronunciation, whether the word is countable or uncountable and an example sentence with the word. Try to memorize the example sentence, it helps big time. I can still remember the example with the word “conceal” which I found in a paper dictionary many years ago: “You should conceal your sadness behind a mask of cheerfulness.” Isn’t it great or what? E: I totally agree on that. Not only dictionary examples, but some well-written sentences from authentic sources. I remember whenever I read something and came across a nice sentence, I would always underline or highlight it so I’d practice and memorize it then I’d ask myself “If I were to say the same thing, how would I do so?” and, from that point on, whenever I needed to communicate the same concept, I’d copy the better version. فکر می کنم هنوز هم این کارو میکنم. هر موقع جمله یا عبارت قشنگ یا خوش ساختی می بینم از خودم می پرسم اگه من میخواستم همین موضوع رو مطرح کنم چطور این کارو میکردم. از چه کلماتی استفاده می کردم یا چه ساختاری بکار می بردم. همین سوال باعث میشه هر بار که میخوام راجع به موضوع مشابهی صحبت کنم از همون جمله بندی زیبا و درست استفاده کنم. یه مثال میزنم. مثلا، شبنم از اصطلاح stumble upon استفاده کرد که یه مترادف زیبا برای come across یا روبرو شدن هست. پس از این به بعد هروقت خواستین بگین با چیزی روبرو شدین میتونین از stumble upon استفاده کنین. E: You were saying Shabnam… Sh: Yeah. You ought to take a course and attend a language school especially when in basic levels where you can only speak or write in English after a fashion. Teachers are sensitive to students’ needs and preferences and they will definitely help you make progress. E: Exactly. And remember that for accuracy you need to slow down a bit. To pay attention, focus and notice well-written, correct and accurate structures and to practice them. A and Sh: That’s right. (or any other interjection) E: so, to conclude our discussion today, let’s review some of the ways suggested to improve accuracy: 1- Read, read and read some more 2- Have a grammar reference book 3- Jot down well-written structures and repeat them 4- Take courses And 5- I’d say practice, practice and practice some more as practice makes perfect and accuracy is all about perfection! A and Sh: Yeah, right (or any other interjection) امیدوارم نکاتی که توی این پادکست گفته شد، اولا نگرانی و ترس از اشتباه کردن رو در شما کم کرده باشه و در درجه دوم پیشنهاداتی که ارائه شد بهتون کمک کنه تا درست صحبت کردن رو به راحتی تمرین و تقویت کنین. حتما ما رو در جریان روند پیشرفت خودتون قرار بدین و در صورت نیاز به مشاوره باهامون تماس بگیرین. درصورتی که تمایل به تمرین کلمات و ساختارهای این پادکست رو دارین، متن کامل رو با توضیحات مربوطه می تونین از کپشن دانلود کنین. پادکست های ما رو به دوستان زبان دوستتون هم معرفی کنین. تا یه پادکست دیگه و یه موضوع آموزشی دیگه، خداحافظ !

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