سایبر پادکست 16: نکات کلیدی تقویت vocabulary

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This is cyber podcast episode 9 – 5 tips to improve vocabulary الف: خب بچه ها آماده این؟ حرف F ب: من از همین الان باختم! تو فارسیش موندم، چه برسه به اسم فامیل انگلیسی! ج: آره، ولی فانه. بذار یه دور بریم ببینیم چقدر بلدیم . الف: یک، دو، سه....شروع! ب: میوه با F نداریم...داریم؟؟ ؟ ج: داریم من نوشتم! ولی کشور ....کشور فکر کنم نداریم.... الف: Stop ! من تموم کردم... ب و ج: نه خیرر....قبول نیست. تو زبانت از ما بهتره.... الف: نه بابا...منم اصلا لغتم خوب نیست....هیچی یادم نمیمونه!!! Oh…it’s on the tip of my tongue. I think it starts with “g”! Oh, noooo….I can’t remember it, why??? I’m sure you’ve been in this situation too. You think you know a word but you can’t remember it or sometimes, you know the word but don’t know how to use it. So frustrating, isn’t it? Well, you are not alone. At some point, every student of English experiences such a frustration. But you need to know that improving this aspect of a language is not really all that difficult if you take the right method and find out what works best for you. So, that is why for this episode of cyber podcast we have put together a list of methods you can apply to improve vocabulary. Like always, some of our best teachers are with me to give tips and ideas on the topic. So, if you’re ready, let’s get the ball rolling! حتی اگه گرامر هم خوب بلد نباشی، داشتن ذخیره لغت خوب میتونه خیلی وقتها کارت رو راه بندازه و میتونی اون ارتباط کلامی که لازم داری رو برقرار کنی. خیلی وقتها از شاگردام شنیدم که میگن من حفظیاتم خوب نیست. از این طرف میخونم از اون طرف یادم میره. یا خیلی میخونم ولی زبان فراره و از این جور چیزا. به نظر من دلیل عمده این مشکل روش خوندن نادرست هست که هم زمان و انرژی رو هدر میده و هم در نهایت ناامیدمون میکنه. من ادیت هستم و توی پادکست امروز میخوایم ببینیم که آیا روش خوندن ما درست هست یا نه و اینکه چه روشهای موثری وجود دارن که میتونن کمکمون کنن. پس، کاغذ و قلمتون رو آماده کنین و با دقت و تمرکز با من همراه باشید. E: Hello you guys and thanks so much for accepting my invitation. I really feel great whenever we share ideas and experiences about learning and helping learners through scientific tested and tried methods. A: Hi Edith thanks for the invite. Sh: Oh, it’s a pleasure. E: So, all of us have come across students who had difficulties learning vocabulary or that they thought they did. Why do you think this happens to almost everyone? Sh: Well, one reason I guess could be because we don’t know how to study in general. We don’t know that each skill may require a different approach or effort and we cannot take the same method to learn everything. In other words, the problem is not the subject or the level of difficulty but in fact “study skills”; do we know how to study or do we know we need to know how to study? A: Can’t agree more. And I really feel for those who put in a lot of time and energy but can’t get the result they want. E: Exactly. So annoying indeed. So, what is the first thing to realize and what do we need to do? نکته بسیار مهمی رو اشاره کرد شبنم، که نه تنها در یادگیری زبان بلکه در یادگیری هر مهارت دیگه ای مهمه. اینکه بلد باشیم چطور درس بخونیم که واقعا یاد بگیریم. A: The first thing to realize is that your brain is hardwired to survive. In other words, if something is not necessary for your survival, your brain simply gets rid of it. So, if the vocabulary item you choose to learn has no meaning to you personally and does not help you in any way, it gets thrown away! It’s not your fault to forget things. Your brain does it naturally. E: Oh, so here is the culprit [laughingly] … A: Yeah, also if something is boring it gets forgotten easily! E: Sure it does. I think we have all experienced it in some way. Sh: Exactly. شاید براتون سوال باشه که چرا یه سری از کلمات یا اطلاعات رو سریع یاد می گیریم ولی یه سری دیگه رو فراموش می کنیم. گفتیم که مغز ما طوری برنامه ریزی شده یا is hardwired که بیشتر به survival یا بقا فکر میکنه. پس هر اطلاعاتی که حیاتی و ضروری نباشه رو دور میریزه. بنابراین باید در انتخابمون دقت داشته باشیم. E: Shabnam how about you? Do you agree with what Alireza said? 100%! And that is why , you can’t expect yourself to remember a word just because you have spent forever memorizing it. A: Exactly! Actually, I’d say, stop memorizing words. E: Wow…interesting. What do you mean stop memorizing? A: I mean, memorization is not the way that will get you where you’re trying to go. Rather, you need to acquire the words naturally. E: Now what do you mean by that? A: I mean, you should learn through doing something that you enjoy and which is meaningful to you. This helps you get exposed to it enough and remember it through a pleasant activity. Sh: I second that. But the process does not stop there. You also need to put it into practice and personalize the word. خب حالا باید چکار کنیم؟ باید کلمات رو در شرایط و محیط طبیعی فرا بگیریم. این یعنی از طریق یه بستر معنا داری که برای ما ملموس و قابل درک و در عین حال خوشایند باشه. E: And what do you mean exactly by personalization? A: It means to relate the word or the concept to yourself, your personal life. The simplest way to do that is to think of a real situation where you can relate that thing to yourself. E: This is very interesting. Can you guys make some examples? Sh: Sure. Let’s say the new word we want to learn is for example the word “exposure”. Think of how you can make a true sentence about yourself with it! We say true, because if it is not, chances of you forgetting it are higher. For instance, you say “Due to long exposure to the sun, I got a sunburn.” E: Uh huh…but how about the words you can’t relate to? I mean there are concepts you have no experience whatsoever about? So, what do you do about them? Sh: Yeah, right. I’d say the more exposed you get to the example sentences with the word; like in movies, texts, songs and the like, the higher the chances of you noticing and learning the word will be. یک تکنیک فوق العاده ضروری برای یادگیری در زبان شخصی سازی یا personalize کردن مطلب هست. یعنی اون ایتم رو به خودمون و زندگی خودمون در شرایط واقعی ربط بدیم. برای کلماتی هم که که ارتباط مستقیم با زندگی یا تجربه شخصی ما پیدا نمی کنند بهترین کار اینه که هر چه بیشتر خودمون رو در معرض اون کلمه یا عبارت قرار بدیم. مثلا از طریق فیلم، موزیک، متن و غیره . E: Now, an interesting method I myself have been using is one of the memory reinforcement strategies. It works like this. Imagine you run into the word “bucket” and you don’t know its meaning. What you do is, you make a story about it in your mind. The story needs to have some characteristics, though. It should be funny, colorful, exaggerated and possibly including a word that rhymes with another word you already know. Sh: Hmm…this is fun I guess?!! How about trying it out now? E: Sure, let’s do that. For example, I imagine myself putting a big red bucket into my pocket. Here, the whole action is sort of silly, it’s colorful and the words pocket and bucket rhyme. So, the moment I say pocket, most probably I’ll remember bucket. Sh: Wow…interesting. I think I’m gonna try this method. [chuckles] A: Yeah, it sounds like fun. Right? [chuckles] اگه بخواین از تکنیک های تقویت حافظه کمک بگیرید باید یک تصویر ذهنی واضح از شرایط واقعی یا شبه واقعی در ذهنتون درست کنید و یه جوری اون کلمه خاص رو بهش ربط بدین. مثلا اگه میخواین کلمه bucket رو به خاطر بسپارین، یه سطل گنده قرمز رنگ در تصور کنین که دارین سعی می کنین بذارین توی pocket یا جیبتون. حالا چرا pocket ؟ چون این کلمه رو بلدین و اینکه آهنگ این کلمه خیلی شبیه bucket هست. پس با به یاد آوردن چیزی که از قبل می دونین و ربط دادنش به اطلاعات جدید، راحت تر می تونید اونو به خاطر بسپارین. هر چقدر تصویر ذهنیتون خنده دارتر و رنگی تر و اغراق آمیز تر باشه بهتر توی ذهنتون میمونه. E: Exactly. The funnier and more colorful, the better. How about you guys? Do you have a particular way of learning vocabulary? A: Yeah, I do. For me, it’s learning the word in a phrase or a sentence or collection of phrases the word is used in. Like, for the word “sheer” I try to practice the phrase “sheer truth” meaning absolute or pure truth. I don’t practice words in isolation. Sh: Nice! It also works for me. But the thing is, you need to be repeating these phrases so they will become a part of you. Remember? Practice makes perfect! روشی که علیرضا پیشنهاد داد هم بسیار روش مفیدی هست و خیلی به درست استفاده کردن کلمات کمک میکنه. سعی کنید کلمه رو به تنهایی حفظ نکنید بلکه توی یه عبارت یا جمله تمرین کنید . E: Yeah, right. So, so far, we learned that we need to select words carefully, and also, we need to visualize and personalize them. Have I missed anything? A: Perhaps the most important step [laughingly]. E: Oh…and what is that? A: Review! Without reviewing, you can rest assured you will forget them again. E: Oh, right…right! So, select, visualize, personalize and review! Now, there’s this concept of active and passive vocabulary. How do you define those and which one’s more important do you think? A: Well, if I may? E: Sure, go ahead please. A: Yeah, there are two types of words in our vocabulary knowledge. The words that we normally use when speaking. They are obviously the active vocabulary. On the other hand, there are words we know or understand the meaning, perhaps in an article or a context, but we do not use them in our speaking. These are called passive vocabulary. Now, to answer which group is more important, I should say both. Passive vocabulary is also an important part of your knowledge as it’s necessary for the comprehension of texts or communication. Sh: Right, and I should add that we shouldn’t underestimate passive vocabulary because with practice they can easily become a part of our active vocabulary. E: You bet! That was a very good point you mentioned. Actually, I’d say, instead of trying to expand your vocabulary range, try to activate the passive vocabulary. A: Yeah, right. Sh: Exactly. به یه نکته قابل تامل در اینجا اشاره شد. دایره لغات فعال و غیرفعال. لغات فعال اونهایی هستند که معمولا در صحبت ازشون استفاده می کنیم و غیرفعال اونهایی هستند که می فهمیم و درک می کنیم اما ازشون استفاده نمی کنیم و باید بدونیم که هر دو گروه مهمند چون غیرفعال ها در درک مطلب بهمون کمک میکنن و فعالها در مکالمه. E: Now, how about learning word families? How do you think it can help us improve vocabulary? A: Oh, I was actually looking forward to this question. E: Oh yeah? Sorry to keep you waiting [laughingly] [everyone laughs] A: No problem [laughingly]. Well, one of the most effective ways that can help you learn and expand vocabulary fast and easy is learning about word families; learning different parts of speech, especially if you can break the word into its constituent parts to make sense of how it is formed and what each part means. E: Oh, I can’t agree more. This is like a magic technique. Imagine you know the root word “port”, for instance, meaning to carry. You also know the meaning of the prefixes -de, -re, -trans, -sup. If you come across the word transport and you don’t know it, you can guess it means to carry across. In the same way, if you know that -aion makes a noun then you can make sense of the meaning of transportation. So, knowing the meaning of the bits and pieces and how they form words can help us in our experience of learning. یک راه بسیار مفید و کاربردی که دایره لغویتون رو خیلی سریع گسترش میده یادگرفتن معنی اجزای یک کلمه است. مثلا اینکه بدونید پیشوندهای مختلف چه معنایی دارن و یا اینکه پسوندهای مختلف چه نقشی به کلمه میدن خیلی بهتون کمک میکنه تا معنی کلمات رو درست حدس بزنید و دیگه فراموش نکنید چرا که اساس یادگیری به ارتباط دادن اطلاعات جدید به اطلاعات قدیمی هست. Sh: You can say that again! Very effective and fun way of learning things. You know, it is believed that we learn new things through relating them to the already existing knowledge. So, once you know at least one bit, you can make more accurate guesses about a word. And once your guesses turn out to be right, you will hardly forget that word again. E: I know, right? [everyone agrees] So, if we want to conclude what we discussed so far, we can say: In order to learn vocabulary more efficiently you need to: 1. select words carefully 2. visualize through funny and colorful contexts 3. apply and personalize 4. review regularly 5. apply Sh: And, we also learned that we shouldn’t memorize words and we shouldn’t underestimate passive vocabulary. A: Axactly! And I’d add, we should not make a big list of words to learn at one go. E: Wonderful and invaluable advice you guys always give. Thank you so much! A and Sh : Oh, any time…it’s a pleasure! اگه بخوایم یه نتیجه گیری بکنیم می تونیم این اقدامات رو برای تقویت دایره لغاتمون در نظر بگیریم: 1 - کلمات رو با دقت انتخاب کنید. واژه هایی رو انتخاب کنید که نیاز دارید یا براتون کاربردی هستند. 2 - تصویر سازی ذهنی انجام بدین. تصویر خنده دار و اغراق آمیز 3 - به خودتون و زندگی شخصیتون ارتباط بدین -4 مرتب دوره شون کنید 5 - ازشون استفاده کنید. از اشتباه کردن نترسید. یادتون باشه کلمات رو حفظ نکنید و واژه های غیرفعال رو هم دست کم نگیرید یا underestimate شون نکنید. و نکته آخر، سعی نکنید یه لیست بلند بالا از لغات جدید رو یه دفعه ای یاد بگیرید. So, dear listeners, next time you can’t remember a word, try to review these steps and see if you have missed any, and remember not to blame yourself! Perhaps, your brain has done some house cleaning again! [laughingly] اگه تا اینجای پادکست همراه ما بودید، یعنی تمام راه رو با ما همراه شدید و امیدواریم که مطالب گفته شده براتون مفید بوده باشه. حتما نظرات خودتون رو به ما انتقال بدید و اگه نیاز به مشاوره دارید با ما تماس بگیرید. Thank you so much for being with us throughout this episode. This podcast was brought to you by Safir language academy’s content development department. All scripts can be found on Castbox, Spotify and Shenoto. Until next week and another topic, stay safe stay tuned, byeee

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