نشریه علمی - فرهنگی میزبان نهایی (شماره اول)_مقاله انگلیسی چهارم

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Niclosamide: Mechanisms of Action Against Parasitic Helminths Abstract: Niclosamide is recognized as one of the most effective anthelmintic agents in the history of pharmacology. For over six decades, this drug has proven effective in treating parasitic infections that affect millions worldwide. Its development path is particularly notable: initially created by Bayer chemists in 1953 as a molluscicide, its antiparasitic properties were discovered in 1960, and it received FDA approval for treating cestode infections in 1982. The World Health Organization lists niclosamide as an essential medicine. Despite widespread clinical use and proven effectiveness, the full mechanisms of action are still under scientific investigation. Current knowledge suggests that niclosamide works through multiple pathways, including uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation and disrupting cellular pH balance. This pharmacological profile shows how understanding drug mechanisms can improve therapy and open up new treatment uses. Mobin Nikmaram ( Department of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Faculty, University of Urmia, Iran.)

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