Think Again- Day 25

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اگر مهمان یا اسپانسری جا افتاده، از فهرست موجود انتخاب کن یا نام تازه‌ای پیشنهاد بده. پیشنهادها بعد از بررسی مدیر عمومی می‌شوند.

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This tendency matters because it compromises self-awareness, and it trips us up across all kinds of settings. Look what happened when economists evaluated the operations and management practices of thousands of companies across a wide range of industries and countries, and compared their assessments with managers’ self-ratings: In this graph, if self-assessments of performance matched actual performance, every country would be on the dotted line. Overconfidence existed in every culture, and it was most rampant where management was the poorest.* Of course, management skills can be hard to judge objectively. Knowledge should be easier—you were tested on yours throughout school. Compared to most people, how much do you think you know about each of the following topics—more, less, or the same? Why English became the official language of the United States Why women were burned at the stake in Salem What job Walt Disney had before he drew Mickey Mouse On which spaceflight humans first laid eyes on the Great Wall of China Why eating candy affects how kids behave One of my biggest pet peeves is feigned knowledge, where people pretend to know things they don’t. It bothers me so much that at this very moment I’m writing an entire book about it. In a series of studies, people rated whether they knew more or less than most people about a range of topics like these, and then took a quiz to test their actual knowledge. The more superior participants thought their knowledge was, the more they overestimated themselves—and the less interested they were in learning and updating. If you think you know more about history or science than most people, chances are you know less than you think. As Dunning quips, “The first rule of the Dunning-Kruger club is you don’t know you’re a member of the Dunning-Kruger club.”* On the questions above, if you felt you knew anything at all, think again. America has no official language, suspected witches were hanged in Salem but not burned, Walt Disney didn’t draw Mickey Mouse (it was the work of an animator named Ub Iwerks), you can’t actually see the Great Wall of China from space, and the average effect of sugar on children’s behavior is zero. Although the Dunning-Kruger effect is often amusing in everyday life, it was no laughing matter in Iceland. Despite serving as governor of the central bank, Davíð Oddsson had no training in finance or economics. Before entering politics, he had created a radio comedy show, written plays and short stories, gone to law school, and worked as a journalist. During his reign as Iceland’s prime minister, Oddsson was so dismissive of experts that he disbanded the National Economic Institute. To force him out of his post at the central bank, Parliament had to pass an unconventional law: any governor would have to have at least a master’s degree in economics. That didn’t stop Oddsson from running for president a few years later. He seemed utterly blind to his blindness: he didn’t know what he didn’t know. کانال خلاصه کتاب (https://t.me/luminous_bookclub) کانال موزیک (https://t.me/luminous_music) کانال مکالمات روزمره (https://t.me/foroughpapi) پیج اینستاگرام: Luminous__english Castbox channel: luminous english 📚هایلایت قسمت 25 کتاب Think Again ✅ tendency : گرایش ✅ compromise مصالحه کردن، به خطر انداختن : ✅ self-awareness خود آگاهی : ✅ economist اقتصاد دان : ✅ evaluate ارزیابی کردن : ✅ operations عملیات : ✅ assessment ارزیابی : ✅ self-evaluate خود ارزیابی : ✅ overconfidence اعتماد به نفس کاذب : ✅ rampant شایع : ✅ poorest ضعیف ترین : ✅ objectively بطور عینی و بی طرف : ✅ throughout در میان : ✅ spaceflight سفر فضایی : ✅ pet peeve چیزی که آزار دهنده ست : ✅ feigned جعلی و مصنوعی : ✅ participants شرکت کنندگان : ✅ suspected مظنون : ✅ financeمالی : ✅ enter وارد شدن : ✅ dismissive تحقیر آمیز : ✅ disband منحل کردن : ✅ institute موسسه : ✅ unconventional نا متعارف : ✅ utterly کاملا : ✅ blindness نابینایی : ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

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