Think Again-Day84

تکمیل این اپیزود

اگر مهمان یا اسپانسری جا افتاده، از فهرست موجود انتخاب کن یا نام تازه‌ای پیشنهاد بده. پیشنهادها بعد از بررسی مدیر عمومی می‌شوند.

متن منتشرشده توسط پادکستر

توضیحات اپیزود

FITTING IN AND STANDING OUT For decades psychologists have found that people can feel animosity toward other groups even when the boundaries between them are trivial. Take a seemingly innocuous question: is a hot dog a sandwich? When students answered this question, most felt strongly enough that they were willing to sacrifice a dollar to those who agreed with them to make sure those who disagreed got less. In every human society, people are motivated to seek belonging and status. Identifying with a group checks both boxes at the same time: we become part of a tribe, and we take pride when our tribe wins. In classic studies on college campuses, psychologists found that after their team won a football game, students were more likely to walk around wearing school swag. From Arizona State to Notre Dame to USC, students basked in the reflected glory of Saturday victories, donning team shirts and hats and jackets on Sunday. If their team lost, they shunned school apparel, and distanced themselves by saying “they lost” instead of “we lost.” Some economists and finance experts have even found that the stock market rises if a country’s soccer team wins World Cup matches and falls if they lose.* Rivalries are most likely to develop between teams that are geographically close, compete regularly, and are evenly matched. The Yankees and Red Sox fit this pattern: they’re both on the East Coast, they play each other eighteen or nineteen times a season, they both have histories of success, and as of 2019, they had competed over 2,200 times—with each team winning over 1,000 times. The two teams also have more fans than any other franchises in baseball. I decided to test what it would take to get fans to rethink their beliefs about their bitter rivals. Working with a doctoral student, Tim Kundro, I ran a series of experiments with passionate Yankees and Red Sox supporters. To get a sense of their stereotypes, we asked over a thousand Red Sox and Yankees fans to list three negative things about their rivals. They mostly used the same words to describe one another, complaining about their respective accents, their beards, and their tendency to “smell like old corn chips.” کانال خلاصه کتاب کانال موزیک کانال مکالمات روزمره #think_day84 📱 : Luminous__english Castbox channel: آموزش زبان با پادکست ◀️اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد دوره ها: ◀️آیدی تلگرام @ad_lumi ◀️آیدی بله foroughp 📚 هایلایت قسمت 84 کتابThink Again ✅ Animosity (toward): Strong hostility or hatred toward someone, خصومت / دشمنی نسبت به ✅ Trivial: Unimportant or insignificant, بی‌اهمیت / جزئی ✅ Seemingly: Apparently; as it appears, ظاهراً ✅ Innocuous: Harmless; not likely to cause harm, بی‌ضرر ✅ Feel strongly (about something): To have a strong opinion, نظر قوی داشتن / شدیداً احساس داشتن ✅ Be willing to: Ready or prepared to do something, مایل / حاضر بودن برای ✅ Sacrifice: To give up something valuable, فدا کردن ✅ Make sure: To ensure or confirm, مطمئن شدن / اطمینان حاصل کردن ✅ Be motivated to: To have a reason or desire to do something, انگیزه داشتن برای ✅ Seek: To look for or try to obtain, در پی چیزی بودن ✅ Belonging: A feeling of being accepted as part of a group, حس تعلق ✅ Status: Social position or rank, جایگاه اجتماعی ✅ Identify with: To feel connected to or similar to, همانندسازی کردن با ✅ Check both boxes: To satisfy two requirements at the same time, دو هدف را همزمان برآورده کردن ✅ Take pride (in): To feel proud of something, افتخار کردن به ✅ Be likely to: To probably do something, احتمال داشتن ✅ Walk around: To move around casually, این‌طرف و آن‌طرف رفتن ✅ Swag: Branded merchandise or promotional items, وسایل تبلیغاتی / لباس برند ✅ Bask in (the glory): To enjoy attention or praise, غرق لذت شدن در / لذت بردن از افتخار ✅ Reflected glory: Pride felt because of someone else's success, افتخار غیرمستقیم ✅ Don (clothes): To put on (formal), پوشیدن ✅ Shun: To deliberately avoid, عمداً دوری کردن از ✅ Distance yourself from: To separate yourself emotionally or socially, فاصله گرفتن از ✅ Stock market: The system of buying and selling shares, بازار سهام ✅ Rivalry: Intense competition, رقابت شدید ✅ Geographically close: Near in location, از نظر جغرافیایی نزدیک ✅ Evenly matched: Equal in ability or strength, هم‌سطح / برابر ✅ Fit a pattern: To match a typical model, با یک الگو مطابقت داشتن ✅ History of success: A record of past achievements, سابقه موفقیت ✅ As of (a date): Starting from a particular time, تا تاریخ ✅ Franchise: A professional sports team organization, باشگاه حرفه‌ای ✅ Rethink: To think again about something, دوباره بررسی کردن ✅ Bitter rivals: Long-standing and intense competitors, رقبای سرسخت ✅ Run an experiment: To conduct a scientific test, آزمایش انجام دادن ✅ Passionate supporters: Very enthusiastic fans, هواداران پرشور ✅ Get a sense of: To gain an understanding of, درک پیدا کردن از ✅ Stereotype: A fixed, oversimplified belief about a group, کلیشه ✅ One another: Each other (formal), یکدیگر ✅ Respective: Belonging separately to each person, مربوط به هر کدام ✅ Tendency: A repeated behavior or natural inclination, گرایش / تمایل

نظرها