Think Again-Day85

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Once we’ve formed those kinds of stereotypes, for both mental and social reasons it’s hard to undo them. Psychologist George Kelly observed that our beliefs are like pairs of reality goggles. We use them to make sense of the world and navigate our surroundings. A threat to our opinions cracks our goggles, leaving our vision blurred. It’s only natural to put up our guard in response—and Kelly noticed that we become especially hostile when trying to defend opinions that we know, deep down, are false. Rather than trying on a different pair of goggles, we become mental contortionists, twisting and turning until we find an angle of vision that keeps our current views intact. Socially, there’s another reason stereotypes are so sticky. We tend to interact with people who share them, which makes them even more extreme. This phenomenon is called group polarization, and it’s been demonstrated in hundreds of experiments. Juries with authoritarian beliefs recommend harsher punishments after deliberating together. Corporate boards are more likely to support paying outlandish premiums for companies after group discussions. Citizens who start out with a clear belief on affirmative action and gay marriage develop more extreme views on these issues after talking with a few others who share their stance. Their preaching and prosecuting move in the direction of their politics. Polarization is reinforced by conformity: peripheral members fit in and gain status by following the lead of the most prototypical member of the group, who often holds the most intense views. Grow up in a family of Red Sox fans and you’re bound to hear some unpleasant things about Yankees fans. Start making regular trips to a ballpark packed with people who share your loathing, and it’s only a matter of time before your contempt intensifies and calcifies. Once that happens, you’re motivated to see the best in your team and the worst in your opponent. Evidence shows that when teams try to downplay a rivalry by reminding fans that it’s just a game, it backfires. Fans feel their identity is being devalued and actually become more aggressive. My first idea for disrupting this pattern came from outer space. کانال خلاصه کتاب کانال موزیک کانال مکالمات روزمره #think_day85 📱 : Luminous__english Castbox channel: آموزش زبان با پادکست ◀️اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد دوره ها: ◀️آیدی تلگرام @ad_lumi ◀️آیدی بله foroughp 📚 هایلایت قسمت ۸۵ کتابThink Again ✅Stereotype : A fixed, oversimplified belief about a group of people کلیشه، پیش‌داوری قالبی ✅ Undo : To reverse or change something back to its original state خنثی کردن، برگرداندن ✅ Hostile : Unfriendly or aggressive خصمانه، پرخاشگر ✅ Defend : To protect or support something against criticism دفاع کردن ✅ Intact : Not damaged or changed دست‌نخورده، سالم ✅ Polarization : The process of dividing into two strongly opposing groups دوقطبی شدن، قطبی‌سازی ✅ Deliberate / Deliberating : To think or discuss carefully before making a decision مشورت کردن، بررسی کردن ✅ Conformity : Behavior that matches the norms or standards of a group همرنگی با جماعت، تبعیت ✅ Contempt : A strong feeling that someone or something is worthless تحقیر، انزجار ✅ Reinforce : To strengthen or support تقویت کردن

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